There he met many leaders of the Liberal party, as well as other notable Parisians, including Henri Saint-Simon. ![]() While coming and going from France, he stayed in Paris for a few days in the house of the renowned economist Jean-Baptiste Say, a friend of Mill's father. In Montpellier, he attended the winter courses on chemistry, zoology, logic of the Faculté des Sciences, as well as taking a course in higher mathematics. The lively and friendly way of life of the French also left a deep impression on him. The mountain scenery he saw led to a lifelong taste for mountain landscapes. Ricardo, who was a close friend of his father, used to invite the young Mill to his house for a walk to talk about political economy.Īt the age of fourteen, Mill stayed a year in France with the family of Sir Samuel Bentham, brother of Jeremy Bentham and in the company of George Ensor, then pursuing his polemic against the political economy of Thomas Malthus. Mill's comptes rendus of his daily economy lessons helped his father in writing Elements of Political Economy in 1821, a textbook to promote the ideas of Ricardian economics however, the book lacked popular support. In the following year he was introduced to political economy and studied Adam Smith and David Ricardo with his father, ultimately completing their classical economic view of factors of production. His father's work, The History of British India, was published in 1818 immediately thereafter, at about the age of twelve, Mill began a thorough study of the scholastic logic, at the same time reading Aristotle's logical treatises in the original language. In his spare time he also enjoyed reading about natural sciences and popular novels, such as Don Quixote and Robinson Crusoe. One of his earliest poetic compositions was a continuation of the Iliad. His father also thought that it was important for Mill to study and compose poetry. His main reading was still history, but he went through all the commonly taught Latin and Greek authors and by the age of ten could read Plato and Demosthenes with ease. He had also read a great deal of history in English and had been taught arithmetic, physics and astronomy.Īt the age of eight, Mill began studying Latin, the works of Euclid, and algebra, and was appointed schoolmaster to the younger children of the family. ![]() By the age of eight, he had read Aesop's Fables, Xenophon's Anabasis, and the whole of Herodotus, and was acquainted with Lucian, Diogenes Laërtius, Isocrates and six dialogues of Plato. He describes his education in his autobiography. His father, a follower of Bentham and an adherent of associationism, had as his explicit aim to create a genius intellect that would carry on the cause of utilitarianism and its implementation after he and Bentham had died. He was given an extremely rigorous upbringing, and was deliberately shielded from association with children his own age other than his siblings. John Stuart was educated by his father, with the advice and assistance of Jeremy Bentham and Francis Place. John Stuart Mill was born at 13 Rodney Street in Pentonville, then on the edge of the capital and now in central London, the eldest son of Harriet Barrow and the Scottish philosopher, historian, and economist James Mill. Ī member of the Liberal Party and author of the early feminist work The Subjection of Women, Mill was also the second member of Parliament to call for women's suffrage after Henry Hunt in 1832. He engaged in written debate with Whewell. He contributed to the investigation of scientific methodology, though his knowledge of the topic was based on the writings of others, notably William Whewell, John Herschel, and Auguste Comte, and research carried out for Mill by Alexander Bain. Mill was a proponent of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by his predecessor Jeremy Bentham. Dubbed "the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the nineteenth century" by the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, he conceived of liberty as justifying the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state and social control. One of the most influential thinkers in the history of classical liberalism, he contributed widely to social theory, political theory, and political economy. John Stuart Mill ( – ) was an English philosopher, political economist, politician and civil servant.
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